Office Survival rules: "overtime", "leave", "substitute" how to say in English?

Towards the end of the year, Xiaobian believes that many people stay up late and work hard. The student party stayed up late to review, and was about to face the final examination of various subjects. It started the review mode of head suspended beam and cone thorn.
Some office workers are still struggling to achieve their goals at the end of the year; Some people were happy to complete the budget, but suddenly they were increased; With the intensity of dying work and the social gathering with a forced smile, guess what their inner OS will be
At the end of the black year, condolences from Xiaobian: honey, are you ok?
It is said that art / examination (DOT) comes from life. Do you know how to say "go to work / get off work" in English? What about asking for leave? What does the substitute say? In addition, can you describe them in English and use them?
take…leave / take…day(s) off 
leave
The most common way to ask for leave is to take Day (s) off or take... Leave, like:
Take a leave or take a day off
Take a 3-day leave or take 3 days off
I have 3 days off.
I have three days off.
I’m going to take a day off.
I'm going to take a day off.
There are hundreds of reasons for asking for leave. Let me introduce the most common ones:
·Personal leave
·Sick leave
·Annual leave
·Official leave
·Marriage leave
·Funeral / bereavement leave
·Maternity leave
·Paternity leave
·Menstruation leave physiological leave
I was on leave for three days for personal reasons.
= I was on personal leave for three days.
I asked for three days' personal leave.
Next, I will introduce some common words and phrases related to leave:
Ask for leave
Grant leave
On leave
Leave request form false order
A: I’m not feeling well.  I’d like to ask for a sick leave this afternoon.
A: I'm not feeling well. I want to take sick leave this afternoon.
B: Sure.  Remember to fill out the leave request form and I will approve it later.
B: OK, then remember to fill in the fake form, and I'll countersign it later.
call in sick 
Call the company for sick leave
This phrase is often used in the office. If you receive a call from a colleague asking for sick leave and want to tell other colleagues, you can say call in sick.
A: Why didn’t John show up today?
A: Why didn't John show up today?
B: He just called in sick this morning.
B: He called in sick this morning.
fill in for someone 
Replace / take the place of sb
When a colleague asks for leave and needs to find someone to work for him temporarily, the phrase fill in for can be used.
I will be away for a month on maternity leave and Tina will fill in for me until I get back.
I will take one month's maternity leave, and Tina will take my place before I come back.
Or, you can use the more colloquial way of speaking cover for. Remember to add the preposition for:
A: Could you cover for me this afternoon?  I have my hands all full and I need to pick up the kids.
A: Can you cover for me this afternoon? My work schedule is full, and I have to pick up the children.
B: Sure, no problem.
B: OK, no problem.
In addition, in addition to "leave", the following idiomatic colloquial usage can also represent the meaning of "finish work, get off work"!
got off (work)
Off duty (end the day's work)
Speaking of "going to work", we immediately think of go to work, What about "after work, after work"? In fact, the usage is many yuan, and you can even directly say I'm going home Which statement to use depends on custom. Get off (work) this is the most direct way to say getting off work and finishing work.
A: I’d like to speak to your manager.
A: I want to talk to your manager.
B: I’m sorry.  He just got off (work).
B: I'm sorry, he just got off work.
to call it a day 
So far, stop
This sentence is used frequently! As long as you want to express that the activity has come to an end, or suggest that it's time to finish the day's work and go back to rest, it means "let's stop today (temporarily)"
A: It’s almost 8 p.m. If there are no other comments, I’d like to wrap this meeting up.
A: It's almost eight o'clock now. If you have no other ideas, I want to end today's meeting. B: Okay.  Let’s call it a day.  I could do with a drink.
B: OK, that's all for today. I really want to have a drink.
wrap something up /
wrap up something 
Put an end to sth
The phrase wrap up most intuitively refers to "wrap up". It describes shopping for a long time and "finally" selecting the things you like and asking the clerk to wrap them up, so it also means "end, end, and end".
I’ll take it.  Please wrap it up for me.
I'll take this. Please wrap it for me.
Therefore, the phrase wrap this meeting up in the above example sentence is used to explain "the end of this meeting".
Get learned today's phrases √,
If you need to ask for leave in English in the future,
I believe you must hold it
Never again!
At the end of the year, I wish you all success in your work
Paint this year's work perfectly
A satisfactory ending~